Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
PhD student of Persian language and literature, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2
Professor of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran (corresponding author).
3
Professor of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
Abstract
Introduction
One of the most important topics in the field of aesthetics in literature is imagery in literary works using rhetorical techniques such as simile, metaphor, irony, visualization and recognition. The head of the Quran is full of images; On the other hand, Saadi owes a large part of his rhetoric to Arabic literature, especially the Holy Quran. The purpose of this research is to explain the position of Quranic verses and phrases in Golestan Saadi's stories. In this article, we are looking for answers to these questions: What are the characteristics of the language of Quranic images in Golestan stories and how are images based on Quranic expressions and combinations used in those stories?
Research Methodology
The research method is library-based and descriptive and content analysis; In this way, the anecdotes of Golestan were carefully studied and the cases related to the Holy Quran were extracted and the rhetorical and visual effectiveness of the texts were analyzed.
Discuss
Simile
“It is an expression of similarity between two different things” (Shafi'i Kadkani, 1358: 53).
Life is in the support of one breath and the world is existence between two absences. They should buy religion from world sellers, sell Yusuf, what will they buy?! It is an allusion to verse 60 of the blessed Surah "Yasin"; Selling religion to the world has been compared to selling the gold of Yusuf's existence to worthless gold coins and has created a beautiful image.
Personification
Giving life to objects, including the phenomena of nature, so that they are able to perform human tasks (Seyed Ghotb, 1995: 61).
The tyrant got angry at this and turned away and did not spare him. Until one night, the kitchen fire fell into his firewood storage and... (Saadi, 1363:208). It is taken from verse 206 of the blessed Surah "Baghare" where 'conceit' is used here to mean pride and is likened to a person who leads a person to sin. Imaging is a type of personification.
Metaphor
"It is a simile in which all its elements except moshabah and moshabaonbe have been removed, and a simile is added to it to make it clear that what is meant by it is a pseudonymous meaning and not a true meaning" (Yaghub, 1987: 35).
Whoever does not take the right path to the discipline of the world, will be caught in the torment of the future. (Saadi, 1363: 665). It refers to verse 21 of the blessed Surah "Sajdeh" and the contrast between worldly and hereafter punishment and tasting the punishment is a metaphoric image creation.
Irony
"In the word, it means to speak in secret, and in the reformation of the science of expression, it consists of mentioning the required will and the required will, subject to the permission of the required will" (Taftazani, 1429: 396). Hit the snake's head on the enemy's hand. If this prevails, you will kill the snake (Saadi, 1363: 646).
Conclusion
One of the prominent features of the Holy Quran is the use of images to express various issues. Image creation means the use of various literary and rhetorical tools such as simile, metaphor, personification and irony which makes the understanding of abstract concepts more concrete and the understanding of divine verses easier. Most of Golestan's anecdotes, in which Quranic verses are referred to, are based on the image that the author used the language of the Quran to illustrate. Considering the predominance of imagination and imagery in the industries of simile, metaphor, and irony, it can be concluded that Saadi paid more attention to the Qur'anic style in his story-telling than the illustration aspect of Golestan's stories
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